第1题
定义一个矩阵类（Matrix），设计相关的构造函数、析构函数等，采用运算符重载方式实现矩阵的加、减运算。编写main函数，对以上所有功能进行测试。注意：按照实际情况大小使用内存空间，矩阵的加、减运算不要造成内存浪费。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
using
namespace std;
class
Matrix {
public:
Matrix (int row, int col); //构造row x col大小矩阵
Matrix operator + (const Matrix &rhs) const;//相同大小矩阵相加
Matrix operator - (const Matrix &rhs) const;//相同大小矩阵相减
void Display () const;//显示矩阵
//矩阵元素，可作为右值
const int &at (int row, int col) const {
return _datas [row][col];
}
//矩阵元素，可作为左值
int& at (int row, int col) {
return _datas [row][col];
}
//矩阵行数
int GetRowCount () const {
return _datas.size ();
}
//矩阵列数
int GetColCount () const {
return _datas [0].size ();
}
private:
//存放矩阵元素，本类没有直接动态分配，无需重载拷贝构造和赋值
vector<vector<int> > _datas;
};
Matrix::Matrix (int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
vector<int> dataRow (col);
_datas.push_back (dataRow);
}
}
Matrix Matrix::operator + (const Matrix &rhs) const
{
Matrix result (this->GetRowCount(), this->GetColCount());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
result.at(i,j) = this->at(i, j) + rhs.at (i, j);
}
}
return result;
}
Matrix Matrix::operator - (const Matrix &rhs) const
{
Matrix result (this->GetRowCount(), this->GetColCount());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
result.at(i,j) = this->at(i, j) - rhs.at (i, j);
}
}
return result;
}
void Matrix::Display () const
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
cout.width (5);
cout << at (i,j);
}
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
Matrix A (5, 6), B (5, 6);
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < A.GetRowCount(); i++)
for (j = 0; j < A.GetColCount(); j++)
A.at(i, j) = rand () % 100 ;
for (i = 0; i < A.GetRowCount(); i++)
for (j = 0; j < A.GetColCount(); j++)
B.at(i, j ) = rand () % 100;
A.Display();
B.Display();
Matrix C = A + B;
C.Display();
Matrix D = A - B;
D.Display();
return 0;
}#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
using
namespace std;
class
Matrix {
public:
Matrix (int row, int col); //构造row x col大小矩阵
Matrix operator + (const Matrix &rhs) const;//相同大小矩阵相加
Matrix operator - (const Matrix &rhs) const;//相同大小矩阵相减
void Display () const;//显示矩阵
//矩阵元素，可作为右值
const int &at (int row, int col) const {
return _datas [row][col];
}
//矩阵元素，可作为左值
int& at (int row, int col) {
return _datas [row][col];
}
//矩阵行数
int GetRowCount () const {
return _datas.size ();
}
//矩阵列数
int GetColCount () const {
return _datas [0].size ();
}
private:
//存放矩阵元素，本类没有直接动态分配，无需重载拷贝构造和赋值
vector<vector<int> > _datas;
};
Matrix::Matrix (int row, int col)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
vector<int> dataRow (col);
_datas.push_back (dataRow);
}
}
Matrix Matrix::operator + (const Matrix &rhs) const
{
Matrix result (this->GetRowCount(), this->GetColCount());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
result.at(i,j) = this->at(i, j) + rhs.at (i, j);
}
}
return result;
}
Matrix Matrix::operator - (const Matrix &rhs) const
{
Matrix result (this->GetRowCount(), this->GetColCount());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
result.at(i,j) = this->at(i, j) - rhs.at (i, j);
}
}
return result;
}
void Matrix::Display () const
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _datas.size (); i++) {
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < _datas [i].size (); j++) {
cout.width (5);
cout << at (i,j);
}
cout << endl;
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
Matrix A (5, 6), B (5, 6);
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < A.GetRowCount(); i++)
for (j = 0; j < A.GetColCount(); j++)
A.at(i, j) = rand () % 100 ;
for (i = 0; i < A.GetRowCount(); i++)
for (j = 0; j < A.GetColCount(); j++)
B.at(i, j ) = rand () % 100;
A.Display();
B.Display();
Matrix C = A + B;
C.Display();
Matrix D = A - B;
D.Display();
return 0;
}